The term tumour/tumor is derived, from the Latin word for "swelling". Tumor is not synonymous with cancer. A tumor can be benign, pre-malignant or malignant, whereas cancer is by definition malignant. The nature of the tumor is determined by a pathologist after examination of the tumor tissues from a biopsy or a surgical excision specimen and is then qualified as benign, pre-malignant or malignant.

           Skin cancer is the most common of all human cancers. Skin cancers are of three major types: basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma. Ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, most commonly from sunlight, is overwhelmingly the most frequent cause of skin cancer. The appearance of a new mole during adulthood, or new pain, itching, ulceration, or bleeding of an existing mole should all be checked by a dermatologist or plastic surgeon.

           The following easy-to-remember guideline, "ABCD," is useful for identifying malignant melanoma: • Asymmetry-One side of the lesion does not look like the other. • Border irregularity-Margins may be notched or irregular. • Color-Melanomas are often a mixture of black, tan, brown, blue, red, or white. • Diameter-Cancerous lesions are usually larger than 6 mm across (about the size of a pencil eraser), but any change in size may be significant. If you have one or more symptoms you should contact plastic surgeon or dermatologist immediately.

           For prevention: Perform regular self-examinations of your skin and note any changes. Avoid unnecessary exposure to direct sunlight. Apply sunscreen frequently. Use a sunscreen with sun protection factor (SPF) of at least 15 both before and during sun exposure. Select products that block both UVA and UVB light. Avoid artificial tanning booths. Limit sun exposure. Attempt to avoid the sun's intense rays between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. in Cyprus.